Functional Neurological Disorder vs. Conversion Disorder

Living with a diagnosis like Conversion Disorder—or what’s now called Functional Neurological Disorder (FND)—can feel like trying to solve a puzzle without all the pieces. I’ve lived with this diagnosis for over a year, and I still find myself asking questions. If you’re feeling confused, you’re not alone.

In this post, I want to help clear up some of the confusion around these terms. I’ll explain how Conversion Disorder and FND relate, what they mean, and how you can better understand your symptoms. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or just trying to make sense of it all, I hope this guide brings clarity and confidence to your journey.

What Is Conversion Disorder? A Look at Its Psychological Roots

Conversion Disorder is a term that’s been used for decades. It comes from psychology and refers to physical symptoms that arise from emotional or psychological distress.

You might experience tremors, paralysis, or speech issues—but medical tests show no physical damage. That’s what makes it so confusing. The symptoms are real, but the cause isn’t something you can see on a scan.

Historically, doctors believed that unresolved emotions or trauma were being “converted” into physical symptoms. Hence the name Conversion Disorder. It was often misunderstood, and sadly, many people were told their symptoms were imagined.

I’ve felt that frustration myself. You know something is wrong, but you’re not always believed. That’s why understanding the evolution of this diagnosis is so important.

The Shift to Functional Neurological Disorder

Today, the medical field has moved away from the term Conversion Disorder. Instead, most professionals now use Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). This term reflects a more accurate and compassionate understanding of what’s happening.

FND focuses on how the brain functions—not just how it looks. In FND, the brain has trouble sending and receiving signals correctly. This leads to symptoms that mimic neurological conditions, even though there’s no structural damage. You might have seizures, weakness, or movement issues. But your MRI, CT scan, and blood tests all come back normal. That’s the hallmark of FND, despite being a diagnosis of exclusion posing its own issues.

Switching to the term FND helps reduce stigma. It tells people, “Your symptoms are real, and they’re caused by brain function—not imagination.” That shift has helped me feel more validated and supported.

Comparing Conversion Disorder and FND: What’s the Difference?

So, what’s the actual difference between Conversion Disorder and FND? In many ways, they describe the same experience—but from different angles.

Conversion Disorder comes from psychology. It focuses on emotional causes and how stress affects the body. FND comes from neurology. It looks at how brain function creates physical symptoms.

Both terms describe symptoms without a clear organic cause. Both involve real, life-altering experiences. And both require a thoughtful, supportive approach to treatment.

Today, FND is the preferred term. It’s used in medical literature, research, and clinical settings. But you might still hear “Conversion Disorder,” especially in older documents or psychological discussions.

Understanding both terms helps you communicate better with doctors, therapists, and support networks. It also helps you feel more in control of your diagnosis.

Common Symptoms of Conversion Disorder and FND

Living with FND means dealing with symptoms that can change daily. Here are some of the most common ones I’ve experienced or heard about:

• Motor symptoms: Weakness, paralysis, tremors, or abnormal movements

• Sensory symptoms: Numbness, tingling, or vision changes

• Seizure-like episodes: Known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)

• Speech difficulties: Stuttering, slurred speech, or sudden silence

• Gait and balance issues: Trouble walking or feeling unstable

• Cognitive symptoms: Brain fog, memory lapses, or trouble concentrating

These symptoms are real and can be disabling. They’re not imagined, exaggerated, or voluntary. That’s something I remind myself often—especially on tough days.

What Causes Conversion Disorder and FND?

The exact cause of FND is still being studied. But researchers believe it’s a combination of factors.

• Emotional Stress and Trauma - Many people with FND have a history of emotional stress or trauma. This doesn’t mean the symptoms are psychological—it means the brain may respond to stress in physical ways. I’ve learned that trauma can change how the brain processes signals.

• Neurological Events - Some people develop FND after a stroke, infection, or injury. Even when the physical damage heals, the brain may continue to misfire. This shows that FND isn’t just psychological—it’s neurological too. That’s why a combined approach to treatment works best.

• Chronic Pain and Fatigue - Conditions like fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome can overlap with FND. Long-term pain and exhaustion may disrupt brain function and lead to new symptoms.

Getting Diagnosed: What to Expect

Diagnosis can be a long and frustrating process. You might see multiple specialists, undergo countless tests, and still feel confused. Eventually, a neurologist or psychiatrist may diagnose you with FND. They’ll look at your symptoms, rule out other conditions, and assess how your brain is functioning.

You might hear terms like “functional motor disorder” or “functional seizure disorder.” These are subtypes of FND. Getting a diagnosis doesn’t mean you have all the answers. But it’s a starting point. It gives you a name for what you’re experiencing—and that’s powerful.

Treatment Options for Conversion Disorder and FND

Treatment for FND is personalized. What works for one person might not work for another. But here are some approaches that have helped me and others:

• Physical Therapy - Movement retraining can help restore function. A physiotherapist familiar with FND can guide you through exercises that rebuild strength and coordination.

• Psychotherapy- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is often recommended. It helps you understand how thoughts, emotions, and behaviours interact with symptoms.

• Occupational Therapy - This helps you adapt to daily tasks and regain independence. You’ll learn strategies to manage fatigue, pain, and mobility challenges.

• Medication - There’s no specific drug for FND, but medications may help with related issues like anxiety, depression, or sleep problems.

• Support Groups - Connecting with others who have FND can be life-changing. You’ll find shared experiences, practical advice, and emotional support.

Living with FND: Tips for Daily Life

Managing FND is a daily effort. Here are some tips that help me stay grounded:

• Pace yourself: Don’t push through symptoms—rest when you need to

• Track your symptoms: Journaling helps identify patterns and triggers

• Communicate clearly: Explain your condition to friends and family

• Celebrate small wins: Progress may be slow, but every step counts

• Stay informed: Read, ask questions, and stay curious about your health

Living with FND isn’t easy, but it’s possible. You can build a life that works for you—one day at a time.

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Final Thoughts

Conversion Disorder and Functional Neurological Disorder may sound confusing, but they’re part of the same story. They describe a condition where the brain misfires, creating real symptoms without visible damage.

Understanding the shift from Conversion Disorder to FND helps reduce stigma and improve care. It tells you, “Your experience is valid, and you deserve support.”

I’ve learned that healing isn’t just about treatment—it’s about empowerment. It’s about learning, connecting, and advocating for yourself.

So if you’re living with FND, know this: you’re not alone. You’re part of a growing community of people who are learning, adapting, and thriving. Together, we can rewrite the narrative around conversion disorder and FND. We can turn confusion into clarity and challenge into strength.

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Key Takeaways

• Conversion Disorder and FND Are Closely Connected - Both describe real symptoms without visible brain damage, just from different medical perspectives.

• Your Symptoms Are Valid and Not Imagined - Even without test results showing damage, your experience is genuine and deserves care.

• Treatment Needs a Holistic, Personalized Approach - Combining physical therapy, psychotherapy, and support can lead to meaningful progress.

• Understanding Your Diagnosis Builds Confidence - Learning about FND and Conversion Disorder helps you feel empowered and supported.